When the market adjusts, the price shoots up. Large holders of that crypto can then cash in on the gains by dumping their coins, bringing the price down. Although exchanges know about these methods, stopping them isn’t all that simple, as the perpetrators know how to stay under the radar.
Both are leveraged products, meaning you only need to put up a small deposit – known as margin – to gain full exposure to the underlying market. Your profit or loss are still calculated according to the full size of your position, so leverage will magnify both profits and losses.

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Savvy cryptocurrency users are therefore maniacally protective of their private keys, typically storing them in multiple digital locations — although generally not Internet-connected, for security purposes — and on paper or in other physical form.