Whereas in the original SADF test the starting value of the window, r1, was fixed to 0, in the GSADF test the starting point can now vary from 0 to r2 − r0 (this is the last possible starting point, near the end of the data set, that allows the test to be run on the minimum window size).
At each point information from neighbouring data is used. As the time series considered are finite, the areas at the start and end of the data (especially at higher period bands) will not have all the data required. One solution to make computation possible, chosen here, is to pad the time series with zeros where required. However, the zero padding will impact the reliability of the results. It is standard to use a cone of influence to represent this difference in reliability of results. Pale colours represent those areas outside the cone of influence with less reliable results (as seen on Fig 3). Higher period bands require more data for computation resulting in the cone shape.

— Elizabeth Goodman is joining Husch Blackwell Strategies to launch its Phoenix office as a principal. She previously was a partner at Christian Goodman PLC.
Have you already checked our new Premium subscription? Our exclusive service has been thought for all the traders out there that are tired of trading alone and feel frustrated. Try it now Today! If you’re interested in using virtual coins like Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin or any other out the over 1,500 coins and tokens currently available on the market, you’re going to need a wallet. If you are new to cryptos, this guide is your shortcut to understanding what a cryptocurrency wallet is, how they work and which one suits you best. 27 min Beginners Beginners