Identifying the determinants of asset prices is one of the most important questions in finance. Traditional asset pricing theories are founded on the idea that equity prices should be determined by fundamentals such as earnings (Gordon 1959, Campbell and Shiller 1988). In contrast, the behavioral finance literature posits that prices do not always follow fundamentals due to investor sentiment trading (Shiller 1981, Baker and Wurgler 2006, Stambaugh et al. 2012). Eventually however, equity prices seem to trace their fundamentals (Pa´stor and Veronesi, 2003, 2006, Bartram and Grinblatt 2018).
Combining the BSADF with the GSADF test allows the r2 value to vary while still using a backward expanding window. r2 starts at the smallest possible window size, and moves one point at a time towards the end of the time series.

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On the other hand, if the price turns down from the overhead resistance, it will suggest that traders are defending the level aggressively. The bears will then make one more attempt to pull the price down to the 20-day exponential moving average (EMA) ($566).